The Shared Epitope Phenomenon – A potential impediment to virtual crossmatch accuracy.

With the implementation of the new Kidney Allocation System (KAS), there is increased reliance on a virtual crossmatch/histocompatibility risk assessment (vXM) for evaluating potential presence, as well as strength, of HLA antibodies against a potential donor.

The accuracy of such an assessment depends on the precision in the identification of the recipient’s antibody profile and the potential donor’s HLA typing. While the development of the single antigen bead (SAB) multiplex assay has improved the sensitivity and specificity of HLA-antibody detection, several limitations of the assay (specific to certain sensitized patients) can complicate accurate interpretation of results.

In this report, we focus on the “shared-epitope” phenomenon, a condition in which antibody strength can be underrepresented, or its presence completely missed, due to binding of the antibody to competing targets on multiple antigens (beads), effectively “diluting” the resulting MFI-readout. Here, we provide a relevant background to understand this phenomenon and present a couple of case studies illustrating how it can be investigated, leading to a more accurate histocompatibility consultation.

MM-102
B1582-20 20 mg
EUR 593
Description: MM-102 is an antagonist of MLL1 with IC50 value of 2.4nM [1].Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase.

MM-102
B1582-5 5 mg
EUR 212
Description: MM-102 is an antagonist of MLL1 with IC50 value of 2.4nM [1].Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase.

MM-102
B2364-25
EUR 588

MM-102
B2364-5
EUR 185

PPQ-102
B3504-10 10 mg
EUR 242

PPQ-102
B3504-5 5 mg
EUR 151

PPQ-102
B3504-50 50 mg
EUR 863

PM 102
B5517-1 1 mg
EUR 601

MM-102
HY-12220 10mg
EUR 298

IAXO-102
HY-125171 50mg
EUR 1944

PPQ-102
HY-14179 100mg
EUR 1221

BGB-102
HY-15732 10mg
EUR 6041

EL-102
HY-16187 10mM/1mL
EUR 376

LSZ-102
HY-111486 50mg
EUR 3321

p38 Antibody
35478-100ul 100ul
EUR 390

p38 Antibody
48644-100ul 100ul
EUR 333

p38 Antibody
48644-50ul 50ul
EUR 239

p38 antibody
70R-51505 100 ul
EUR 268
Description: Purified Polyclonal p38 antibody

p38 antibody
70R-51506 100 ul
EUR 287
Description: Purified Polyclonal p38 antibody

p38 Antibody
20-abx007541
  • EUR 300.00
  • EUR 439.00
  • EUR 189.00
  • 100 ul
  • 200 ul
  • 30 ul
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 Antibody
20-abx133223
  • EUR 300.00
  • EUR 439.00
  • EUR 189.00
  • 100 ul
  • 200 ul
  • 30 ul
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 Antibody
20-abx141038
  • EUR 356.00
  • EUR 537.00
  • EUR 217.00
  • 100 ul
  • 200 ul
  • 30 ul
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 protein
E20-80078 20ug
EUR 408

p38 protein
E20-80079 20ug
EUR 408

p38 Antibody
abx236076-100ug 100 ug
EUR 481
  • Shipped within 5-12 working days.

anti-p38
YF-PA11120 50 ug
EUR 363
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38

anti-p38
YF-PA11121 100 ug
EUR 403
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to p38

anti-p38
YF-PA23519 50 ul
EUR 334
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38

anti-p38
YF-PA23520 50 ul
EUR 334
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38

anti-p38
YF-PA23521 50 ul
EUR 334
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38

LB (Lennox)
102 500 g
EUR 101

BP-1-102
HY-100493 100mg
EUR 1345

MM-102 (TFA)
HY-12220A 10mM/1mL
EUR 263

SB-203580 p38 MAPK(p38 MAP kinase) Inhibitor
E1B1863 1mg
EUR 161

P38 delta protein
30R-2868 5 ug
EUR 503
Description: Purified recombinant Human P38 delta protein

p38 alpha protein
30R-2870 5 ug
EUR 503
Description: Purified recombinant Human p38 alpha protein

p38 beta protein
30R-2875 5 ug
EUR 503
Description: Purified recombinant Human p38 beta protein

p38 MAPK antibody
20R-1572 100 ug
EUR 705
Description: Rabbit polyclonal p38 MAPK antibody

P38 MAPK antibody
20R-2087 50 ug
EUR 281
Description: Rabbit polyclonal P38 MAPK antibody

P38 MAPK antibody
20R-2088 50 ug
EUR 281
Description: Rabbit polyclonal P38 MAPK antibody

P38 MAPK antibody
20R-2403 50 ug
EUR 281
Description: Rabbit polyclonal P38 MAPK antibody

p38 MAPK antibody
20R-2950 100 ul
EUR 393
Description: Rabbit polyclonal p38 MAPK antibody

p38 MAPK antibody
10R-8422 100 ul
EUR 393
Description: Mouse monoclonal p38 MAPK antibody

p38 MAPK Antibody
49379-100ul 100ul
EUR 333

p38 MAPK Antibody
49379-50ul 50ul
EUR 239

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
41305-100ul 100ul
EUR 252

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
41305-50ul 50ul
EUR 187

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
41306-100ul 100ul
EUR 252

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
41306-50ul 50ul
EUR 187

Anti-p38 alpha
DB-1039 100 tests
EUR 474

Anti-p38 beta
DB-1040 100 tests
EUR 474

Anti-p38 gamma
DB-1041 100 tests
EUR 474

Anti-p38 delta
DB-1042 100 tests
EUR 474

Anti-p38-a
DB-161-0.05 50 μl
EUR 269

Anti-p38-a
DB-161-0.1 100 μl
EUR 422

Anti-p38-b
DB-162-0.05 50 μl
EUR 269

Anti-p38-b
DB-162-0.1 100 μl
EUR 422

Anti-p38-g
DB-163-0.05 50 μl
EUR 269

Anti-p38-g
DB-163-0.1 100 μl
EUR 422

Anti-p38-d
DB-164-0.05 50 μl
EUR 269

Anti-p38-d
DB-164-0.1 100 μl
EUR 422

Anti-p38 alpha
DB1039 100 tests
EUR 474

Anti-p38 beta
DB1040 100 tests
EUR 474

Anti-p38 gamma
DB1041 100 tests
EUR 474

Anti-p38 delta
DB1042 100 tests
EUR 474

p38 beta, Active
7763-100
EUR 4345

p38 beta, Active
7763-5
EUR 370

Anti-p38 Antibody
A00176 100ul
EUR 397
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for p38 Antibody (MAPK14) detection.tested for WB in Human, Mouse, Rat.

p38 MAPK antibody
70R-33398 100 ug
EUR 327
Description: Rabbit polyclonal p38 MAPK antibody

p38 MAPK antibody
70R-33400 100 ug
EUR 327
Description: Rabbit polyclonal p38 MAPK antibody

P38 MAPK antibody
70R-34325 100 ug
EUR 327
Description: Rabbit polyclonal P38 MAPK antibody

P38 MAPK antibody
70R-34327 100 ug
EUR 327
Description: Rabbit polyclonal P38 MAPK antibody

p38 (pT180) Antibody
20-abx009863
  • EUR 314.00
  • EUR 467.00
  • EUR 203.00
  • 100 ul
  • 200 ul
  • 30 ul
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 (pY323) Antibody
20-abx133058
  • EUR 314.00
  • EUR 467.00
  • EUR 203.00
  • 100 ul
  • 200 ul
  • 30 ul
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 (pY182) Antibody
20-abx134951
  • EUR 384.00
  • EUR 606.00
  • EUR 230.00
  • 100 ul
  • 200 ul
  • 30 ul
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 Blocking Peptide
20-abx161932
  • EUR 272.00
  • EUR 411.00
  • 1 mg
  • 5 mg
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 MAPK Antibody
20-abx012798
  • EUR 314.00
  • EUR 98.00
  • EUR 398.00
  • EUR 495.00
  • 100 ug
  • 10 ug
  • 200 ug
  • 300 µg
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 MAPK Antibody
20-abx012875
  • EUR 314.00
  • EUR 98.00
  • EUR 398.00
  • EUR 495.00
  • 100 ug
  • 10 ug
  • 200 ug
  • 300 µg
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 Blocking Peptide
20-abx061736
  • EUR 258.00
  • EUR 384.00
  • 1 mg
  • 5 mg
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 Blocking Peptide
20-abx062080
  • EUR 272.00
  • EUR 411.00
  • 1 mg
  • 5 mg
  • Shipped within 5-10 working days.

p38 MAPK Antibody
AF6455 200ul
EUR 304
Description: p38 MAPK Antibody detects endogenous levels of total p38 MAPK.

p38 MAPK Antibody
AF6456 200ul
EUR 304
Description: p38 MAPK Antibody detects endogenous levels of total p38 MAPK.

p38 MAPK Antibody
AF6457 200ul
EUR 304
Description: p38 MAPK Antibody detects endogenous levels of total p38 MAPK.

p38 MAPK Antibody
abx236077-100ug 100 ug
EUR 481
  • Shipped within 5-12 working days.

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53838-003ml 0.03ml
EUR 158
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53838-01ml 0.1ml
EUR 289
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53838-02ml 0.2ml
EUR 414
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53839-003ml 0.03ml
EUR 158
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53839-01ml 0.1ml
EUR 289
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP53839-02ml 0.2ml
EUR 414
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182

p38 MAPK Antibody
ABF6456 100 ug
EUR 438

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP52112-003ml 0.03ml
EUR 158
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP52112-01ml 0.1ml
EUR 289
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP52112-02ml 0.2ml
EUR 414
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP52113-003ml 0.03ml
EUR 158
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP52113-01ml 0.1ml
EUR 289
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP52113-02ml 0.2ml
EUR 414
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323

p38 Polyclonal Antibody
ABP57354-003ml 0.03ml
EUR 158
  • Immunogen information: Synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38
  • Applications tips:
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken. This p38 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38