With the implementation of the new Kidney Allocation System (KAS), there is increased reliance on a virtual crossmatch/histocompatibility risk assessment (vXM) for evaluating potential presence, as well as strength, of HLA antibodies against a potential donor.
The accuracy of such an assessment depends on the precision in the identification of the recipient’s antibody profile and the potential donor’s HLA typing. While the development of the single antigen bead (SAB) multiplex assay has improved the sensitivity and specificity of HLA-antibody detection, several limitations of the assay (specific to certain sensitized patients) can complicate accurate interpretation of results.
In this report, we focus on the “shared-epitope” phenomenon, a condition in which antibody strength can be underrepresented, or its presence completely missed, due to binding of the antibody to competing targets on multiple antigens (beads), effectively “diluting” the resulting MFI-readout. Here, we provide a relevant background to understand this phenomenon and present a couple of case studies illustrating how it can be investigated, leading to a more accurate histocompatibility consultation.
 PPQ-102 |
|
B3504-10 |
ApexBio |
10 mg |
EUR 242 |
PPQ-102 |
|
B3504-5 |
ApexBio |
5 mg |
EUR 151 |
PPQ-102 |
|
B3504-50 |
ApexBio |
50 mg |
EUR 863 |
 PM 102 |
|
B5517-1 |
ApexBio |
1 mg |
EUR 601 |
 MM-102 |
|
B1582-2 |
ApexBio |
2 mg |
EUR 128 |
|
Description: MM-102 is an antagonist of MLL1 with IC50 value of 2.4nM [1].Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase. |
MM-102 |
|
B1582-20 |
ApexBio |
20 mg |
EUR 593 |
|
Description: MM-102 is an antagonist of MLL1 with IC50 value of 2.4nM [1].Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase. |
 p38 protein |
|
E20-80078 |
EnoGene |
20ug |
EUR 408 |
p38 protein |
|
E20-80079 |
EnoGene |
20ug |
EUR 408 |
 p38 Antibody |
|
35478-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 390 |
p38 Antibody |
|
20-abx133223 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 300.00
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 189.00
|
|
|
|
p38 Antibody |
|
20-abx141038 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 356.00
-
EUR 537.00
-
EUR 217.00
|
|
|
|
p38 Antibody |
|
20-abx007541 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 300.00
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 189.00
|
|
|
|
p38 Antibody |
|
abx236076-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 481 |
|
|
p38 Antibody |
|
48644-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 333 |
p38 Antibody |
|
48644-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 239 |
 anti-p38 |
|
YF-PA11120 |
Abfrontier |
50 ug |
EUR 363 |
|
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38 |
anti-p38 |
|
YF-PA11121 |
Abfrontier |
100 ug |
EUR 403 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to p38 |
anti-p38 |
|
YF-PA23519 |
Abfrontier |
50 ul |
EUR 334 |
|
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38 |
anti-p38 |
|
YF-PA23520 |
Abfrontier |
50 ul |
EUR 334 |
|
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38 |
anti-p38 |
|
YF-PA23521 |
Abfrontier |
50 ul |
EUR 334 |
|
Description: Mouse polyclonal to p38 |
 p38 antibody |
|
70R-51505 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ul |
EUR 268 |
|
Description: Purified Polyclonal p38 antibody |
p38 antibody |
|
70R-51506 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ul |
EUR 287 |
|
Description: Purified Polyclonal p38 antibody |
 Inhibitor) SB-203580 p38 MAPK(p38 MAP kinase) Inhibitor |
|
E1B1863 |
EnoGene |
1mg |
EUR 161 |
 p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES8347-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat/Chicken. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES8347-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat/Chicken. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES4837-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES4838-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES4838-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES4837-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES3111-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES3112-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES3112-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ES3111-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
|
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against p38 from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
 p38 alpha-MAPK14 |
|
RA15053 |
Neuromics |
100 ug |
EUR 526 |
 Anti-p38 Antibody |
|
A00176 |
BosterBio |
100ul |
EUR 397 |
|
Description: Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody for p38 Antibody (MAPK14) detection.tested for WB in Human, Mouse, Rat. |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP57354-003ml |
Abbkine |
0.03ml |
EUR 158 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken. This p38 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP57354-01ml |
Abbkine |
0.1ml |
EUR 289 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken. This p38 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP57354-02ml |
Abbkine |
0.2ml |
EUR 414 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken. This p38 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP52112-003ml |
Abbkine |
0.03ml |
EUR 158 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP52112-01ml |
Abbkine |
0.1ml |
EUR 289 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP52112-02ml |
Abbkine |
0.2ml |
EUR 414 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP52113-003ml |
Abbkine |
0.03ml |
EUR 158 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP52113-01ml |
Abbkine |
0.1ml |
EUR 289 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP52113-02ml |
Abbkine |
0.2ml |
EUR 414 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP53838-003ml |
Abbkine |
0.03ml |
EUR 158 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP53838-01ml |
Abbkine |
0.1ml |
EUR 289 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP53838-02ml |
Abbkine |
0.2ml |
EUR 414 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP53839-003ml |
Abbkine |
0.03ml |
EUR 158 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP53839-01ml |
Abbkine |
0.1ml |
EUR 289 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
ABP53839-02ml |
Abbkine |
0.2ml |
EUR 414 |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182 |
 p38 Blocking Peptide |
|
20-abx061736 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
|
p38 Blocking Peptide |
|
20-abx062080 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
|
 Antibody) p38 (pY323) Antibody |
|
20-abx133058 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 314.00
-
EUR 467.00
-
EUR 203.00
|
|
|
|
 Antibody) p38 (pY182) Antibody |
|
20-abx134951 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 384.00
-
EUR 606.00
-
EUR 230.00
|
|
|
|
 Antibody) p38 (pT180) Antibody |
|
20-abx009863 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 314.00
-
EUR 467.00
-
EUR 203.00
|
|
|
|
 p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
20-abx012798 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 314.00
-
EUR 98.00
-
EUR 398.00
-
EUR 495.00
|
-
100 ug
-
10 ug
-
200 ug
-
300 µg
|
|
|
p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
20-abx012875 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 314.00
-
EUR 98.00
-
EUR 398.00
-
EUR 495.00
|
-
100 ug
-
10 ug
-
200 ug
-
300 µg
|
|
|
p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
abx236077-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 481 |
|
|
p38 Blocking Peptide |
|
20-abx161932 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
|
 Anti-p38 antibody |
|
STJ97615 |
St John's Laboratory |
200 µl |
EUR 197 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to p38. |
Anti-p38 antibody |
|
STJ94876 |
St John's Laboratory |
200 µl |
EUR 197 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to p38. |
Anti-p38 antibody |
|
STJ94877 |
St John's Laboratory |
200 µl |
EUR 197 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to p38. |
Anti-p38 antibody |
|
STJ94878 |
St John's Laboratory |
200 µl |
EUR 197 |
|
Description: p38 is a protein encoded by the MAPK14 gene which is approximately 41,2 kDa. p38 is localised to the cytoplasm and nucleus. It is involved in activated TLR4 signalling, the IL-2 pathway, toll-like receptor signalling pathways, the VEGF signalling pathway and 4-1BB pathway. This protein falls under the MAP kinase family. It acts as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and is involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is activated by various environmental stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. p38 is expressed in the brain, heart, placenta, pancreas and skeletal muscle. Mutations in the MAPK14 gene may result in patellar tendinitis and lumbosacral lipoma. STJ94878 was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This polyclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of p38 protein. |
Anti-p38 antibody |
|
STJ94879 |
St John's Laboratory |
200 µl |
EUR 197 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal to p38. |
 Anti-P38 antibody |
|
STJ98898 |
St John's Laboratory |
200 µl |
EUR 197 |
|
Description: Mouse monoclonal to P38. |
Anti-P38 antibody |
|
STJ98899 |
St John's Laboratory |
200 µl |
EUR 197 |
|
Description: Mouse monoclonal to P38. |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
41305-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 252 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
41305-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 187 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
41306-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 252 |
p38 Polyclonal Antibody |
|
41306-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 187 |
p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
49379-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 333 |
p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
49379-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 239 |
 anti- p38 antibody |
|
FNab06076 |
FN Test |
100µg |
EUR 505.25 |
|
|
|
Description: Antibody raised against p38 |
p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
AF6455 |
Affbiotech |
200ul |
EUR 304 |
|
Description: p38 MAPK Antibody detects endogenous levels of total p38 MAPK. |
p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
AF6456 |
Affbiotech |
200ul |
EUR 304 |
|
Description: p38 MAPK Antibody detects endogenous levels of total p38 MAPK. |
p38 MAPK Antibody |
|
AF6457 |
Affbiotech |
200ul |
EUR 304 |
|
Description: p38 MAPK Antibody detects endogenous levels of total p38 MAPK. |
 Anti-p38 alpha |
|
DB1039 |
DB Biotech |
100 tests |
EUR 474 |
 Anti-p38 gamma |
|
DB1041 |
DB Biotech |
100 tests |
EUR 474 |
 Anti-p38 delta |
|
DB1042 |
DB Biotech |
100 tests |
EUR 474 |
Anti-p38 alpha |
|
DB-1039 |
DB Biotech |
100 tests |
EUR 474 |
 Anti-p38 beta |
|
DB-1040 |
DB Biotech |
100 tests |
EUR 474 |
Anti-p38 gamma |
|
DB-1041 |
DB Biotech |
100 tests |
EUR 474 |
Anti-p38 delta |
|
DB-1042 |
DB Biotech |
100 tests |
EUR 474 |
)
)
